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A Response to Other Counseling Approaches

Freudian - Psychodynamic

The key concepts of psychodynamic theory are: the three states of mental behaviour otherwise known as the structure of personality, the unconscious, pre-conscious and conscious; defence mechanisms; transference and counter transference; dreamwork; free association; interpretation. The following underlying assumption is made: that man is controlled by his unconscious that is primitive, illogical and totally demanding, having no values or morals.

The three domain structure of personality appears to be repeated throughout many branches of counselling theory, Sigmund Freud was certainly onto something in identifying the forces that exist and the balance required to remain functional. Most people can identify with many of Freud's suggested defence mechanisms, these are valid tools that we develop in order to manage our lives.

The psychosexual development stages do not go beyond the age of puberty, the emphasis being that adult problems are created between birth and puberty. This seems a little naive. The aspect of being able to tap into the subconscious mind, i.e. free association, dream analysis and Freudian slips are quite believable. We process our thoughts into what we percieve as a socially acceptable way of doing so. Therefore, raw information that is expelled without thought or concern is a valuable resource. The only way that raw information can be used is to guarantee that the client can freely associate under conditions of confidentiality.

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